Latin
Name : Garcinia
cambogia 
English Name: Garcinia
Sanskrit / Indian Name: Vriksh
amla, Kankushta
Arabian Name :
A small or medium-sized tree.
The
tree is valued for its dried rind
which is rich in acids and possesses
marked antiseptic properties. It
contains tartaric acid reducing
sugars and phosphoric'acid (as calcium
triphosphate). It limits the synthesis
of fatty acids in the muscles and
liver lipogenesis (production of
fat) by inhibiting the enzyme ATP-citrate
lyase. The fruits contain about
30% acid (calculated as citric acid)
on the dry basis which is essentially
(-)-hydroxy-citric acid. A decoction
of the fruit rind is given in rheumatism
and bowel complaints. The resin
possesses purgative properties.
Latin
name: Gaultheria fragrantissima
Sanskrit / Indian Name: Gandapura
English Name: Indian Winter
Green
Arabian Name :
A
much-branched evergreen, aromatic
shrub.
The
volatile oil obtained by the steam
distillation of the leaves of
G. fragrantissima is identical
to Wintergreen oil, obtained from
G. procumbens.
The
principal constituent of the oil
is methyl salicylate. It is stimulant,
carminative and antiseptic. It
is applied externally in the form
of liniment or ointment in rheumatism,
sciatica and neuralgia.
Latin
name: Glycyrrhiza glabra 
English name: Licorice,
Liquorice
Sanskrit / Indian name:
Yashti-madhu, Yashti-madhuka,Mulethi,Adhimadhuram
Arabian Name :Asloos-soos
Glycyrrhiza
glabra is a perennial herb in the
sub-tropical and warm temperate
regions. None of the liquorice species
occurs in India in the wild. But
its use has been reported for a
long time in traditional literature.
The
principal constituent of licorice
is glycyrrhizin. Licorice is used
for the treatment of asthma, acute
and chronic bronchitis and chronic
cough. It modulates the immune system
and has shown remarkable immuno-stimulant
properties. It has an anti-oxidant
activity. It is a mild anti-inflammatory
for arthritis and rheumatism and
is used to treat gastric, duodenal
and esophageal ulceration or inflammation,
heartburn and mouth ulcers.
It
alleviates irritable conditions
of the mucus membrane, and strengthens
the immune system and provides resistance
in recurring infections.
Latin
name: : Gmelina arborea 
English name: Coomb Teak
Sanskrit / Indian name: Gambhari,Gambhar
Arabian Name :
An unarmed tree, with a smooth, whitish
grey bark which contains traces of
an alkaloid.
The
bark is a bitter tonic and stomachic,
and is considered useful in fever
and indigestion.
Latin
name: : Gossypium herbaceum 
English name: Indian Cotton
Plant
Sanskrit / Indian name: Karpasa
Arabian Name :
Small
shrubs with thick and rigid stems,
the flowers are medium-sized, yellow
with a purple centre.
Cotton
seed is demulcent, laxative, expectorant
and galactogogue. It is used as
a nervine tonic in headaches and
brain affections, and decoctions
of the seed are given in dysentery
and intermittent fevers.
Latin
Names: Gossypium indicum 
English Name: Cotton Plant
Sanskrit / Indian Name: Karpasa,
Kapas, Paruthi
Arabian Name :
A
perennial or annual shrub with slender,
trailing branches. The seeds are
covered with white or grey lint.
Cotton
seed, which yields oil, is demulcent,
laxative, expectorant and galactogogue.
It is used as a nervine tonic in
headaches and brain affections,
and decoctions of the seed are given
in dysentery and intermittent fevers.
Latin
Names: Gymnema sylvestre 
English Name:
Sanskrit / Indian Name: Gurmar,
Meshashringi,sirukurunchi
Arabian Name :
Gymnema sylvestre is a large,
woody climber.
Its
principle constituent is gymnemic
acid which has anti-diabetic properties.
The plant is stomachic, stimulant,
laxative and diuretic. It abolishes
the taste of sugar and is believed
to neutralize excessive sugar present
in the body in diabetes mellitus.
The leaf extracts contain gymnemic
acid which is said to inhibit hyperglycemia.
It has also been shown to have a
regenerative effect on pancreatic
beta cells and is insulinotropic.
