Latin
Name :
Santalum album 
English Name: Sandalwood
Tree
Sanskrit / Indian
Name: Chandana
Arabian Name :
A small to medium-sized,
evergreen semi-parasitic
tree, with slender branches,
valued for its heartwood.
Both
the wood and the oil
have long been employed
in medicine. The main
constituent of sandalwood
oil is santalol. It
is used to alleviate
itching and inflammation.
It is credited with
cooling, diaphoretic,
diuretic and expectorant
properties, and sandalwood
finds several applications
in household remedies.
Latin
name: Sapindus
mukorossi 
Sanskrit / Indian
Name: Phenila,
Arishta
English Name:
Soapnut-tree of North
India
Arabian Name :
A
deciduous tree found
wild in north India,
usually with 5-10
pairs of leaves, solitary
with large drupes.
The
fruit is valued for
the saponins (10.1
%) present in the
pericarp which constitutes
up to 56.5 per cent
of the drupe. The
fruits are credited
with expectorant and
emetic properties
and are used in the
treatment of excessive
salivation, epilepsy
and chlorosis. The
powdered seeds are
said to possess insecticidal
properties. They are
employed in the treatment
of dental caries.
It cleanses the skin
of oily secretion
and is even used as
a cleanser for washing
hair and a hair tonic,
and forms a rich,
natural lather. Its
detergent action,
which cleanses the
hair and removes,
accumulated debris
and a sebaceous material
further more imparting
speculiar reflection
and hair lustre.
Latin
name: Sapindus trifoliatus
English name:
Soapnut-tree of South
India
Sanskrit / Indian
name: Arishta, Phenila
Arabian Name :
A
medium-sized deciduous
tree found wild in
south India, usually
with 2-3 pairs of
leaves and with partially
united 2-3 smaller
(pea sized) drupes.
The
saponins A and C and
sapindosids A and
B extracted from the
rind of the fruit
showed antifungal
activity. The pericarp
contains two new triterpenoid
saponins, emarginatoside-B
and emarginatoside-C.
The fruits possess
tonic and astringent
properties.
Latin
name: Saraca asoca
Syn. S.indica
English name:
Ashoka Tree
Sanskrit / Indian
name: Ashoka, Gandapushpa
Arabian Name :
Saraca asoca is a small
evergreen tree.
Its
principle constituents
are a steroidal component
and a calcium salt.
The bark has a stimulating
effect on the endometrium
and ovarian tissue,
is useful in menorrhagia
due to uterine fibroids,
in leucorrhea and in
internal bleeding, where
ergot is indicated.
It is well established
for its effectiveness
in menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea.
It also has a stimulatory
effect on the ovarian
tissue and may produce
an oestrogen-like effect
that enhances the repair
of the endometrium and
stops bleeding.
Latin
name:
English name: Alum
Sanskrit / Indian name:
Saurashtri
Arabian Name :
The
trem 'alum' is applied
to a group of hydrated
double salts,, which
are characterised by
easy solubility in water
and a strong astringent
taste. Common alum refers
to potassium aluminium
sulphate. It is also
Known as potash alum.
Medicinally, it has
styptic and astringent
properties
Latin
name: : Saussurea
lappa 
English name:
Costus
Sanskrit / Indian
name: Kushtha
Arabian Name :
An
erect robust perennial
herb, the dried roots
of which constitute
the drug.
The
roots contain resinoids,
essential oil, alkaloid,
inulin, a fixed oil
and other minor constituents
like tannins and sugars.
The essential oil of
the roots has strong
antiseptic, disinfectant
and anti-inflammatory
properties. An alcoholic
extract of the herb
has been found very
useful in the treatment
of bronchial asthma.
Latin
name: Rubia cordifolia
English name: Indian
Madder
Sanskrit / Indian name:
Manjishtha, Samanga
Arabian Name :
Rubia
cordifolia is a prickly
creeper or climber with
rootstocks.
Its
principle constituents
are purpurin, munjistin,
xanthopurpurin or purpuroxanthin
and Pseudopurpurin.
The roots are credited
with tonic, antiseptic,
astringent and deobstruent
properties. They are
used in rheumatism.
It is useful in skin
infections, ulcers,
inflammation and other
skin disorders. It also
has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory
and antiallergic action.
Latin
name: Rumex maritimus
English name: Golden
Dock
Sanskrit / Indian name:
Chukra bheda
Arabian Name :
A
stout erect annual.
The
fruit contain rumarin,
rutin and hyperin. Seeds
contain 5.1 per cent
tannin. Roots contain
chrysophanic acid, saccharose
and tannin. They are
purgative, refrigerant
and antipruritic.
