Latin
Name :
Valeriana jatamansi
Syn. V. wallichii
English Name:
Indian Valerian
Sanskrit / Indian
Name: Tagara
Arabian Name
:
A
slightly hairy,
tufted herb with
thick horizontal
rootstocks that
contains a sweet
smelling essential
oil.
Indian
valerian is prescribed
as a remedy for
hysteria, hypochondriasis,
nervous unrest and
emotional troubles.
It is also used
as a carminative
and forms an ingredient
of a number of Ayurvedic
recipes. The drug
contains a group
of iridoid or monoterpenic
derivatives, known
as valepotriates
which are useful
as tranquilizers
and sedatives. An
iridoid ester glycoside
designated as valerosidatum
(isovaleryl glucoside)
has also been isolated.
The essential oil
of the root and
rhizome is having
anti-bacterial property.
Latin
name: Vanda
roxburghii 
Syn. V. tessellata
Sanskrit / Indian
Name: Rasna
English Name:
Arabian Name
:
An
epiphytic orchid.
The dried herb
was found to contain
an active-constituent
of glucosidic
nature. It has
anti-inflammatory
property. The
herb also contains
a bitter principle,
tannins, resin,
saponin, ß-sitosterol,
g-sitosterol,
fatty oil and
coloring-matter.
The
leaves are pounded
and the paste
is applied to
the body to bring
down fever; their
juice is dropped
in the ear for
the treatment
of otitis and
other inflammatory
conditions. The
roots are used
in dyspepsia,
bronchitis rheumatism,
and also in fever;
they are reported
to possess antibacterial
and antitubercular
properties. The
roots enter into
the preparation
of medicated oils,
used externally
in rheumatism
and nervous troubles.
The herb is also
used for sciatica.
Sanskrit
/ Indian name:
Vang bhasma
Latin name:
English name:
Tin Calx
Arabian Name
:
It
is prepared from
tin metal and
has a wide range
of therapeutic
uses with special
reference to the
diseases of the
genito-urinary
tract. It is effective
against a wide
range of organisms
in the urinary
tract and thus,
is of great clinical
usefulness and
efficacy in urinary
tract infections
of various origins.
It improves digestion,
is useful in wasting
diseases and cures
all ‘pramehas’
(A prameha is
a urinary tract
disease characterized
by polyurea and
turbid urine).
Sanskrit
/ Indian name:
Varatika / Varatika
bhasma / Cowrie bhasma
Latin name:
English name:
Cowrie Shell Calx
/ Cowry Shell Ash
Arabian Name :
It is prepared from
the shells of Cyprea
moneta called cowrie
shells and is well
known for its antacid
and digestive properties.
It is useful in the
treatment of gastritis,
duodenitis and otorrhea.
Latin
name: Vernonia
cinerea 
English name:
Purple Fleabane
Sanskrit / Indian
name: Sahadevi
Arabian Name :
An
erect, rarely decumbent
herb, with purple
flowers.
The
seeds yield a fatty
oil and are used
as an anthelmintic
and alexipharmic;
they are said to
be quite effective
against roundworms
and threadworms.
They are also given
for coughs, flatulence,
intestinal colic
and dysuria and
for leucoderma,
psoriasis and other
chronic skin-diseases.
The seeds are made
into a paste with
limejuice and used
for destroying pediculi.
Latin
name: Vetiveria
zizanioides 
English name:
Vetiver, Khas-Khas,
Khus-Khus
Sanskrit / Indian
name: Ushira,
Reshira, Sugandhimula
Arabian Name
:
A
densely tufted grass.
The
commercial oil of
Vetiver is obtained
by distillation
of fresh or air-dried
roots. The oil contains
both cadinane and
eudesmane sesquiterpenes
of the unusual antipodal
configuration; these
include khusol,
khusinol, khusitone,
(-)g2-cadinene,
and levojuneol.
Another characteristic
feature of this
type is the presence
of the large amount
of levorotatory
khusilal (a rare
C14-class of terpenoid)
which is in fact
responsible for
the strong levorotation
of this oil; this
compound is absent
in the typical dextrorotatory
oils. The constituents
of the typical dextrorotatory
oils (Haiti, Reunion,
Java and South India)
are largely nootkatane
The
oil is reported
to be used as a
carminative in flatulence,
colic and obstinate
vomiting. It is
regarded as a stimulant,
diaphoretic, refrigerant
and antibacterial
and when applied
externally, it removes
excess heat from
the body and gives
a cooling effect.
A decoction of the
leaves is recommended
as a diaphoretic.
Sanskrit
/ Indian name:
Vidangadi lauham
Latin name:
English name:
Arabian Name :
It
is herbo-mineral
powder consisting
of: Embelia ribes,
Cyperus rotundus,
Terminalia chebula,
Terminalia bellirica,
Emblica officinalis,
Cedrus deodara,
Piper longum, Piper
chaba, Plumbago
zeylanica, Zingiber
officinalis, Piper
nigrum and Iron
calx.
It
is indicated in
obesity, liver disorders,
and anemia.
Latin
name: Viola odorata
English name:
Sweet Violet
Sanskrit / Indian
name: Neelapushpa
Arabian Name :
A
glabrous or pubescent
herb arising from
a rootstock. The
herb is well known
in India for its
medicinal virtues
and has been in
use since ancient
times.
The
herb is valued as
an expectorant,
diaphoretic, antipyretic
and diuretic, and
as a laxative in
bilious affections.
It is used for catarrhal
and pulmonary troubles
and for calculous
affections. Also
used as a remedy
for coughs and sore
throat, hoarseness,
and ailments of
infants. The flowers
contain violin and
the leaves contain
an essential oil,
an alkaloid, coloring
matter, friedelin,
ß-sitosterol and
a straight-chain
alcohol.
Latin
name: Vitex negundo
English name:
Five-Leaved Chaste
Tree
Sanskrit / Indian
name: Nirgundi,
Sephali
Arabian Name :
Vitex
negundo is a large,
aromatic shrub with
quadrangular, densely
whitish, tomentose
branchlets.
Its
principle constituents
are casticin, isoorientin,
chrysophenol D,
luteolin, p –hydroxybenzoic
acid and D-fructose.
The leaves possess
discutient properties
and are applied
to rheumatic swellings
of the joints and
in sprains. It can
be applied locally
in rheumatic arthritis
and sprains. The
juice of the leaves
is used for the
treatment of fetid
discharges. They
show anti-inflammatory,
antibacterial, antifungal
and analgesic activities.
It is useful in
the treatment of
superficial bruises,
injuries, sores
and skin infections.
Latin
name:Vitis vinifera
English name:
Grapes
Sanskrit / Indian
name: Draksha
Arabian Name :
A
large, deciduous
climber climbing
by means of tendrils.
Grapes
are a good source
of bioflavonoids
(vitamin P), which
are known to be
useful in such conditions
as purpura, capillary
bleeding in diabetes,
edema and inflammation
from injury, radiation
damage, and atherosclerosis.
Catechins and anthocyanogenic
tannins present
in grapes possess
bioflavonoid activity.
Grapes are considered
laxative, stomachic,
diuretic, demulcent
and cooling and
are used as an astringent
in throat affections.
